Color Purple Essays (673 words) - The Color Purple, Alice Walker

Color Purple Historical: The Historical approach applies to this novel because it is based on a time period that I have not lived through. Alice Walker wrote this book in the format of how the people spoke in the 1900s Walker herself termed her writing as "Black Folks English." During the time that Walker wrote this novel there where so many things going on have to do with the Civil Rights movement and women fighting for their right. This book pin points the life of women showing, womens struggle for freedom in a society where they are viewed as inferior to men. That fact that Walker has lived through the fight for equal rights impacted her writing and can be show in how she portrays Sofia in this book. During Walkers life the equal treatment of opposite sexes was an important issue in her life and is one of the primary elements in The Color Purple. If the reader has never studied this period of time there is no way that this books can be understood because its struggled portray a time that women have hardly any rights. The Supreme Court did not start giving equal rights until the 1970s, while Walker was in her early 30s. Throughout the book Sofia and Harpo fought for equality in their marriage obviously showing that this had some kind of effect on the writers life Biographical: Alice Walkers writings in this novel were greatly influenced by the historical happenings around her during the 1950s-1980s. Born in Georgia in 1944, Walker used her same environment that she grew up as the placement for the Color Purple. Walker later experienced a tragic accident affecting her ability to see, opening her eyes to the cruel dealing of people. She begin to see things that she never saw before and this is also shown throughout the book. To comprehend Walkers writing you have to somewhat know what was going on in this time period because it effects the way she portrays the characters lifes on a day today basis in the book. Sit ins, freedom rides, boycotts, and other heated demonstrations were very common at the time. Violence was widespread as well in society. Martin Luther King was one of Walkers biggest influences, so much so that she even attended his I Have a Dream speech in 1963. In 1968 King was gunned down on the balcony of a motel and this struck Walkers view on life again. This is easily shown in the book and how she describes things in the Color Purple, such as the racial prejudiced society Celie lived in. Gender: Throughout this Walker demonstrates three different types of gender approaches with the three main women of the story. Celie was looked at as a week women that women that no man wants. She was criticized for her appearance, and sexual relations, and was forced to marry Mr. in an institutional marriage. Sofia was the untraditional women looked at as kind of rebellious. She was looked at as controlling and demanding, and was looked down upon for not being submissive to her husband or her husband Harpo's definition of the traditional female role. Finally, Shug Avery was the ultimate feminist symbol. She was the woman that every women wanted to be in this time. She walked to her own drum and but was not overly dominate in this time. Walker does not hide the ruthless realities that Black woman had to, or still have to suffer. She does not hide from this reality in any way nor does she shy away and try to paint a softer picture. In the first pages of the Color Purple she shows the severity of the injustice that women have to go through even still today. She goes into detail of children being raped and women being sold and abused. This book showed to the extreme how women were looked at as just objects of the house meant to cook, clean, and mother children. The sealing of Celia proves pin points this.

Analytical Essay Sample on the Civil War and the Crisis in 1861

Analytical Essay Sample on the Civil War and the Crisis in 1861 The Crisis Yet the crisis came up in 1861 when the civil war broke out with a threat to the very existence of the Federation. Of course, a conflict between the north and the South was inevitable and this is a real wonder that how the breakdown could have been avoided for such a long period of time. In fact, ever since the formation of the Union, the units of the North and the South were cross-purposes. Ostensibly, the war centered round the institution of slavery; but, in fact, it was involved with much bigger issues of political and economic affairs as well. There was a strong reason for which the Southern states intended to desert the Union. While the North was highly industrialized, the South depended upon Agriculture and the finished goods from the North. Moreover, the South needed the slaves for agriculture, but the North was in favor of their emancipation. â€Å"The cotton-growing South, irritated by the growing threat of Abolitionist Movement, and fearing this predominance in the Congre ss, began to talk of secession from the union† (Wells). In short, the interests were very much conflicting. Gradually, the idea state-right gained ground and the Southern states began to think that it was useless to remain in the Federation. As their political fear along with the economic grudge mixed up, the existence of the Federation was seriously at stake. Finally, the election of Abraham Lincoln as the President of America in the year 1866 brought the matter to a head. His success in the election was taken to be the ominous sign of a triumph of the slave-abolitionists and thus, everything rapidly drifted from bad to worse leading to a five-year war in 1861. The War It is during this crucial time that the quality of the presidential leadership was seriously tested. As Sidney Warren has observed, â€Å"Abraham Lincoln, reacting boldly to the challenge of rebellion not only enlarged the constitutional role of presidency in times of crisis but invested the office with the attribute of moral leadership† (Warren). He believed that the Federation could not be broken up by the Southern states in this way and, in order to keep it intact, military measures were to be adopted with unbending tenacity and firm determination. Resultantly, the South was defeated, and the Federation was preserved. It is a fact that the South began well and initially it achieved a number of victories. But the failure to capture Maryland was a turning point of the war. Lincoln immediately seized the opportunity to proclaim the emancipation of slaves in the rebellious states. It was truly a master-stroke, because the slaves in the Southern zone now began to support the President. And, moreover, it won the sympathy of foreign nations with the result that, since then, the rebels failed to win any outside assistance.

The Effectiveness of Dictionaries for L2 Learners Essay

The Effectiveness of Dictionaries for L2 Learners - Essay Example English is dynamic language, which is under continuous transition as the world accelerates and develops. The English dictionaries are the perfect resource for the L2 learners to understand and update themselves about the English vocabulary and the recent inclusions. The recent amendments and inclusions in the English level are political and technological driven; therefore an individual with formal update about the changing global scenario is aware of such amendments. The dictionaries have been somehow reluctant to add such words in their collection because primarily such words have no link with the language and communication protocol. The political terminology has no linguistic inference, but however it has political interpretation. The short-comings with reference to the publication and listing of dictionary is debatable, however it is must to suggest the intent behind dictionary. There are many terminologies which certainly become rare and uncommon after passage of time; therefore such words are never included in the dictionaries (Paul, 2002). Dictionary is considered as an effective mode of communication, because instructions delivered through this mode are clear and understandable. The element of understanding, between the book and the learner is not a pre-requisite to conduct the communication. It is important to realize that the mode of communication requires basic understanding of language and prior situation of occurrence. The familiarity of the contents and background is important; to make sense out of the interpretation of the word. Dictionary makes use of the words, sentences, grammar and other structures that are associated with spoken and written language. The term verbal refers to a number of different communication processes on the basis of tone and frequency of the speaker. It is best mode of communication to understand the emotional affinity or reaction of the speaker with reference to any event or occurrence. Dictionary has different characteristics; a politician through his deliverance can receive the focus and attention of the voters, the tone of the speaker is considered to be the best way of evaluating the level of sincerity and seriousness the couples with the intentions of the politicians. It is the dictionary which directs and influences the nature and intent of the communication. From this subject, it is evident that the dictionary shall incorporate the essential words to assist L2 learners. Dictionary is regarded as the appropriate mode of communication, and it is highly spontaneous. The dictionary has great importance with reference to the written communication. The spectrum of written communication is limited, and it is employed for limited purpose. Written communications are mainly conducted for the sake of record, but with the passage of time, it has evolved as an independent mode of communication. Earlier the individuals or companies use to build links through verbal communications, and then use to strengthen and execute it through written practices. The dictionaries have offered relevant expertise to the writers for writing and applying these words in their publication, with specific reference to L2 learners-cum-writers. Dictionary and its content have emerged as "an independent and authentic mode of communication, which is employed for official purposes; nut the evolution of technology has given

Labor Party in America Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Labor Party in America - Case Study Example Three significant factors can be defined in order to explain the issue: a) repression level; b) religion; c) more strict communist position. It is a fact that in the United States labor movement has more severe communist principles. The level of repression in the United States is higher and the issues connected with religion are recognized as very important because in America religion plays a very important role for everybody choosing what party to adhere to. A great number of American citizens refused from being members of trade unions, because it is very important for many of them to be a Democrat or a Republican. The active popularization of human rights also explains why Americans are inclined to accept socialist principles and leave trade unions. Trottier states: In the 1990s, there was the beginning of a labor party in the US, but the vast majority of the unions in this country refused to break with the Democrats and Republicans and join this party. Even a few of the unions who supported the Labor Party also continued their support of some Democrats. The Labor Party could have played an educational role in developing a future mass labor party. It would have needed to organize rallies, mass meetings and run at least some candidates in a few elections. The fact that it did not do this led many people to drop out as they could not see it developing further (Trottier, 2009). Does America need labor party' A great number of American employees, who were on the side of Democrats, when the elections were held, now are not satisfied with their activity and with the absence of any positive changes. Now many people are inclined to build a labor party. They see it including trade unions with the rights to vote (Yates, 1998). The party will have local representations and special representation for young people who study or can't find job. The supporters are sure that there will be no lack of members because in the current political situation there are many people who can't find job or are afraid to be fired. Also there is a great number of Americans who want to stop wars abroad and bring American troops back home. Moreover, there are many former unions' members. Trottier states: We see the struggle to change the union leadership's policies of supporting the big business political parties as part of a struggle for more democratic unions that will the fight against give-backs to the boss and use more militant tactics to win strike battles. The Workers International League works with any and all who struggle for these changes in the unions. We also bring the issue of the need for a mass labor party to other campaigns such as the immigrants' rights and anti-war movements (Trottier, 2009). Conclusion The conclusion can be made that there are no relevant reasons or factors in the United States, which would not allow to have labor party. In the current political situation, when employment rates are getting higher, there is a question asked by many American citizens: does America need labor party founded on trade unions' Dissatisfied with the current polit

User Frustration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

User Frustration - Essay Example Additionally, the majority of researchers have outlined the basic reasons of these frustrating experiences as dropped network connections, error messages, long download times, and hard-to-find features. In addition, users face a variety of problems due to these frustrating experiences for instance, they lose more than 50% of their time because of these frustrating experiences. In many cases users’ frustration emerges dues to problems in the computer software, hardware, or networking or troubling interactions among components supplied by various suppliers or is the result of malicious activities performed by other users (Ceaparu, Lazar, Bessiere, Robinson, & Shneiderman, 2004; Reynolds, 2001). 1. Errors Without a doubt, there is a strong relationship between errors and frustration. Additionally, an error can be used to demonstrate a variety of actions. In simple words, an error occurs when a computer user observes that something is in an improper state, no matter it is due to fault of the developers, or an implementation bug or a design flaw. Even though a computer is working properly and carrying out the required functionality but there are still a variety of things that could be the cause of users’ frustration for instance viruses, pop-up advertisements, and spam mail) (Ceaparu, Lazar, Bessiere, Robinson, & Shneiderman, 2004). ... e development team must spend considerable time in researching the issues and errors that an application can encounter and develop solutions accordingly. In this way, it will reduce the chances of errors at user end (Ceaparu, Lazar, Bessiere, Robinson, & Shneiderman, 2004). 2. Time Delays Normally, users like to have a smaller response time. However, the system’s response time heavily depends on the users' previous experiences, the cost of an error, the users' knowledge level and experience of using that technology, and external time pressures. For example, a new user can wait a little longer than professional user for a computer to respond. Sometimes, the significance and complexity of the job and its associated time pressure can also have a significant effect on users' frustration and expectations due to time delays (Ceaparu, Lazar, Bessiere, Robinson, & Shneiderman, 2004). Solution Since an application is developed in keeping the requirements of a specific user in mind so f irst of all software development teams must categorize its users, complexity and criticality of jobs and so on. According to these measurements they should look for the required algorithms and mechanisms that can address that specific issue. In addition, frustration can also be reduced when the users are made well aware of predictable delays projected time they will require to complete their task (Ceaparu, Lazar, Bessiere, Robinson, & Shneiderman, 2004). 3. User Satisfaction and Frustration Previous researches and studies have used user satisfaction as a reliable variable, for the measurement of the success of a software application. The term satisfaction can be vague which can be defined in many ways. In simple words, the user satisfaction refers to completion of a task or goal, and

The Financial Markets: Direct And Indirect Transfers

The Financial Markets: Direct And Indirect Transfers In economics, a financial market refers to a media that allows people to buy, sell, create and exchange financial securities such as share and bonds, commodities such as basic agricultural goods and precious metals, and other fungible items of value at low transaction costs and at prices that reflect the efficient-market. Both general markets where many commodities are traded and specialized markets where only one commodity is traded exist in financial market. Markets work by placing many interested buyers and sellers in one media, thus making it easier for them to find each other. The financial markets can be divided into different types such as capital markets commodity markets, money markets, insurance market and foreign exchange market. A saver refers to the one who deposit their money in bank, invest in company share and pays premium to an insurance company with objective to earn interest, dividend and profit. They aim also to accumulate their fund for future investment and expenses. However, a borrower just the reverse to saver. A borrower borrowed the money from saver by financial market to fulfill their need and need to effort the interest charge or give the dividend to saver. In a well-functioning economy, capital will flow efficiency from saver to borrower. The transfer of fund can make by three different ways such as direct transfer, indirect transfer through investment bankers and indirect transfer through financial intermediary. 2.0 Body 2.1 Direct transfer The first way is through direct transfer. It refers to a transfer of assets from one type of tax-deferred retirement plan or account to borrower. Direct transfers are not considered to be distributions and not taxable as income or subject to any penalties for early distribution. Most transfers take several days to complete, although this process is now generally faster in the electronic than in the past. Direct rollovers from qualified plans are a form of direct transfer. It occurs when firms direct sell their stock or bond to saver without going through any financial institution The advantages of direct transfer are direct transfers convenience and simple to trade between borrower and saver. The reason is when both borrower and saver agree with the term and condition, the transaction will be in process. Besides, it will be save time and cost. The reason is the transaction can complete online, just taking few days to complete and there is no high commission to pay for intermediate. Even though it is a lot of advantages using this method, there also bring some disadvantages to both parties. The savers will face lack of professional consultation from expertise. This will lead to the saver making wrong investment, facing loss the money and cheat by the business. Beside, the business will also facing less efficiency when direct transfer the securities. The reason is there is no expertise to help them promote the securities and it may not planning well when issuance of securities. 2.2 Indirect transfer through investment bankers The second way is indirect transfer through investment bankers. Investment bank refers to a financial institution that helps individuals and corporations to raising their capital by underwriting. They also act as the clients agent when issuance of securities such as stock and bond. An investment bank may also help organization involved in mergers and acquisitions and provides ancillary services. In investment banking there are two main which are trading securities for cash or other securities and promotion of the securities. In this way, the investment banker assumes the risk of selling a new security issue at a satisfactory price. This is called underwriting. An underwrite serve as a middleman and facilitates the issuance of securities. The companys securities and savers money will pass through the investment banking house. The investment banker will buy the entire issue of securities from the company that needs of financial capital. Then investment bank will turn sells these same securities to savers at a higher price. However, the investment bank taking the risk when they buy and hold the companys a security for certain time and it may not resell to savers for as much as they paid after a period of time. The reason is new securities are involved and company receives the proceed of the sale, this is called a primary market transaction. Besides, the investment banker also advises firms on the details of selling securities. The advantages for this method are the business will get professional suggestion from expertise about the details of selling securities. The business can raise the capital more efficient, the reason is the investment banker will buy over the securities and hold to sell for savers. This will help to business dispense with the pending time to wait saver transfer the money. The disadvantages for this method are the business may face depress in price of securities. The reason is when the business need capital emergency, the investment banker will depress the price of securities in order to make more money. The savers may also face receive inaccuracy information from investment banker. The reason is the investment banker wants to resell the hold securities, they may give inaccuracy information to the saver. 2.3 Indirect transfer through financial intermediary The third way is indirect transfer through financial intermediary. Financial intermediary consists of channeling funds between surplus and deficit agents. A financial intermediary is a financial institution that connects surplus and deficit agents. The classic example of a financial intermediary is a bank that transforms bank deposits into bank loans. Insurance companies, credit unions, pension fund and mutual funds also include as financial intermediary. Insurance defined as the equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another, in exchange for payment. Credit union is a cooperative financial institution that is owned and controlled by its members and operated for the purpose of promoting thrift, providing credit at reasonable rates, and providing other financial services to its members. Pension fund is any plan, fund, or scheme which provides retirement income. Mutual fund is a professionally-managed type of collective investment scheme that pools money from many investors to buy securities Through the process of financial intermediation, certain assets or liabilities are transformed into different assets or liabilities. As such, financial intermediaries channel funds from savers to those borrowers. As example, saver will save the surplus money in bank and get the deposit certificate, the bank will use the money to borrow to borrower by term of mortgage. Financial intermediaries provide important advantages to savers. Lending through an intermediary is usually less risky than lending directly. The major reason for reduced risk is that a financial intermediary can diversify. Financial intermediary will give many loans to different borrower. When mistake happen, the financial intermediary can cover by others loan interest. But if savers borrow direct to business, the risk will face by individual. Another reason is financial intermediary specialize in lending and better predict which of the people able to repay compare to individual savers. Second advantage financial intermediaries give savers is liquidity. Liquidity is the ability to convert assets into form money quickly. A house is an illiquid asset; selling one can take a great deal of time. If an individual saver has lent money directly to another person, the loan can also be an illiquid asset. Third advantage financial intermediaries give savers is cost advantage. Using financial intermediaries can reduce the costs of borrowing. The reason is there are a lot of borrowings complete in financial intermediaries, it can lead to economic of scale and save cost for savers. 3.0 Conclusion

The Efforts to Regulate the Internet Essay -- Computers Web Technology

The Efforts to Regulate the Internet Abstract â€Å"Cyberspace is both the popular media's new darling and new demon, revealing a new, expansive intellectual horizon but simultaneously providing easy access to an infinite, virtual Pandora's box† [1]. This paper shall discuss the situations that have raised the need for the Internet regulations, and in particular, Internet content censorship. Then, it shall review the regulatory efforts worldwide, with respect to the local cultures and governmental systems. Also, technological tools for regulating the Internet contents shall be presented. The ethical discussion shall focus on the right to regulate the Internet content, in light of the implications this restriction may have on the individual and common good of the cyber community. Introduction The popularity of cyberspace is growing. As more people gain access to cyberspace, unpleasant elements are getting more media attention, and there is a growing population of supporters for regulation. Some of the concerns of regulation supporters are pornography, pedophilia, vulgar language, and cyber scams. Pro-regulationers hope that a structured form of monitoring and policing will prevent such occurrences online. The idea that policing is imminent in cyberspace is quickly becoming a part of the cyber culture. Though currently self regulation is the main mode of practice, counties are beginning to take steps, which will define what is and is not acceptable online content. [2] The following headlines related to a child pornography case in Britain is an example that can serve as a good argument for those who are pro-regulations [3]: - Launched after FBI passed credit card details of 7300 alleged British subscribers ... ...] North Park University, â€Å"Adam Smith writes The Wealth of Nations: 1776† http://campus.northpark.edu/history/WebChron/WestEurope/AdamSmith.CP.html [14] Pontifical Council for Social Communications: Ethic in Internet, John P. Foley. http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/pccs/documents/rc_pc_pccs_doc_20020228_ethics-internet_en.html [15] â€Å"Case studies in Information and Computer Ethics†, Richard Spinello, Chapter 2 [16] Privacy Initiatives, Federal Trade Commission. http://www.ftc.gov/privacy/index.html [17] Positions Based on Ethical Principals and Values, Chris S. Show. http://www.students.stedwards.edu/~cshaw/Position%20Based%20on%20Ethical%20Principles%20and%20Values.htm [18] Pornography and Ethics, Free speech or Civil rights, Muhammad Hozien. http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/mih/ethics/e5.htm

University of Phoenix Material

1. If you find errors on your credit report, what steps would you take to correct them? You would need to contact the consumer reporting company and the information provider like right away when you see something not right with your report.. When you are contacting the consumer reporting company in writing you need to explain to the person on the other line what information you believe to be is true that is inaccurate. When you are contacting the information provider in writing that you dispute on the item.They might ask you some questions like an address or etc. 2. There are many organizations that claim they will repair your credit for a fee. From your readings, should someone use a credit repair service? Why or why not? What are some actions these organizations can take that should be a red flag? 3. Have you, a family member, or a friend been a victim of identity theft? How did it happen? Describe the resolution process- ex. how much time did it take, what credit damage was correc ted?Well this actually just happen to me when I went to file my taxes. After I went and filed my taxes online it said that someone already had filed them. SO I waited two hours to actually talk to someone through the IRS and they hung up not one not twice but three times and I was very angry. I explained to them my situation. So they had to send me forms that I have to fill out and send back t0 the IRS. They told me this whole process is going to take 180 days.I don’t see how because, they should have like all the proof but, I guess it a waiting game now for me to sit back and just wait for my taxes. 4. Using the FTC site, what can you do to minimize the chance of your identity getting stolen? Ways you can protect your identify would be when you are going out into the public you only want to take your drivers license and the credit card you are going to need to go shopping or whatever you case might be. You never want to do your banking through and unsecure website always one to make sure it a secure site you are sure of.You always want to keep you social security card and birth certificate lock up when going away in case if someone would ever break into your home they won’t be able to rob you for your social and birth certificate. You always want to keep your pin numbers and your password to yourself. Don’t ever give them out because then anyone can access your stuff anytime they would want from where they want to. Never give anyone your credit or bank card to purchase or go get money because they could get your information. Post the Credit Protection and Identity Theft worksheet as a Microsoft ® Word attachment. University of Phoenix Material What were the major developments in the evolution of mass media during the 20th century? During the 1900’s magazines along with newspapers became the leading literature for media. When the 1940’s rolled around radio was invented and became the new way to get in touch with the masses. Folks often tuned into to get the news on what was going on during the war. Even though radio was new there was still a high demand for the newspaper as a way to get and stay informed on different things.Then in the1950’s television became the new source for information and resources for mass media. Television was everything all rolled up into one and the people loved it. In 1962 technology grew and they came up with the Satellites which gave the masses or the American Culture access to news all around the world. Today we can all just see how far technology has came and how endless the possibilities may be for the future. There are many forms of communication and it just continues to grow and communication has become almost instant these days.There is a never ending demand for more speed, more apps and new computers with high performance and so many other ways to communicate and relay information to the masses. People want instant answers to their questions and concerns and mass media makes it happen for the people. Technology only seems to grow more and more as the demand for new ways to communicate grow with it. There is always the next best thing right after the next best thing to have and buy in way of, phones, computers, and I-pads for social networks and so on.How did each development influence American culture? Mass media has developed strongly over the past years. The development of mass media has had a big influence on the American culture in many ways. It seems today, that mass media has endless possibilities to reach people. Initially in American culture we only communicated orally. In the past people depended on teachers and story tellers to obtain knowledge. One of the beginning developments in mass media was the ability to print.As far back as the 1400’s there were books in the starting stages of becoming available to people the mass media audience. Then we had the development of the Telegraph as a way of communication that was instant, and it did away with the need to transport written information. The creation of the telegraph opened the doors to cell phones, radio and fax machines. In the Twentieth century we entered the phase of electronics. This new age of information brought television to the American culture and lead to other resources like satellite and computers.Then we moved into the digital phase which gave a wealth of power to a common person. So as we can see mass media has had a profound affect on American culture in ways we have evolved in communication. No longer relying on one certain source to gain knowledge or information, we now have many avenues of media and communication that are instant and avai lable and will only continue to become better, which allows the American culture to stay in touch, get informed, and help them better and faster with communication and recourses.

George Berkeley Research Paper

George Berkeley Research Paper In the Principles of Human Knowledge, George Berkeley argues that material objects are nothing more than images within the mind. This idealism suggests that no physical non-thinking entities are real. The only reality of the objects is the image within the mind of the perceiver of the objects. For instance, objects are perceived by the senses. We then perceive or interpret our own ideas or sensations. Thus, the ideas have more reality to us than does the objects that we supposedly perceive. Next, Berkeley defines the term existence. For a body to exist, one must perceive it or have the potential to perceive it. Yet, everything that we perceive or have the potential to perceive is ideas. Thus, to say that a body exists is to say that you merely had an idea of that body. An objection to this argument is that one cannot have an idea of something without perceiving the real object. To retort this statement, Berkeley suggests that we cannot distinguish the sensible objects form the percep tion of these objects. In other words, it is impossible to separate, in thought, the so called real bodies that we see and feel from the mental perception of these bodies. Berkeley asserts that to separate these images would be analogous to dividing a human body or separating the image of a rose from the smell of a rose. According to Berkeley, separating these images would be an example of abstraction. In his effort to prove that material objects only exist within the mind of the perceiver, Berkeley asserts that one must actually perceive an object to have an idea about it. An idea exists only if it is perceived. Physical objects are collections of ideas. Physical objects can therefore only exist when perceived. For example, consider a person to be thinking of a certain tree in his favorite pasture. If he does not actually look at this tree or directly sense it, then his idea of the tree is based only on a previous idea or image of the tree. The recollection of former ideas does not constitute the existence of an object. Although only ideas themselves, the senses play a key role in the arguments for Berkeleys idealism, such as in this quick proof for the nonexistence of the qualities of bodies. Berkeley defines sensible qualities of bodies to be such things as color, taste, figure, and motion. These qualities are perceived by the senses. The senses perceive ideas. Therefore, the qualities of bodies are ideas. Berkeley furthers his defense for this view by arguing that numbers and certain senses are ideas within the mind. He states that numbers only exist within the mind because they depend entirely on the understanding of man. Similarly, heat, cold, colors and other sensible qualities are nothing more than affections of the mind. These sensible qualities are not a part of matter and could only exist if someone is there to experience the sensation. One of Berkeleys most crucial arguments for the nonexistence of active bodies lies in his explanation of why actions can exist only within the mind. First, it is given that ideas exist only within the mind. As proven earlier, ideas are all that is perceived. An idea is defined as passive in nature. This means that an idea cannot directly do anything and cannot be the direct cause of anything. Thus, an idea cannot be the resemblance of an active being because an idea exists only as an idea. Therefore, we can conclude that extension, figure, and motion cannot cause sensation because these descriptions are merely ideas within the mind. Berkeley continues his attack on the Matter that makes up objects. Matter is defined as inert, senseless substance in which extension, figure, and motion do actually subsist (258). Since extension, figure, and motion are ideas within the mind, matter must also be an idea because it is defined by extension, figure, and motion. Likewise, one cannot perceive of matter without using the senses, which exist only in the mind. Berkeley asks us to suppose for a moment that matter exists in reality but that the sensible or secondary qualities (258) exist only within the mind. The physical body and the secondary qualities would be utterly inseparable from each other because both were needed to comprise the object. Berkeley then proposes that the sensible ideas cannot exist only within the mind while the objects exist only in reality if the two are entirely inseparable. Thus, the objects must exist within the mind as well. At the conclusion of his arguments, Berkeley depicts the entities that exist within the mind of man. He explains that a spirit causes ideas within the mind. The understanding perceives the ideas while the will operates or produces ideas. Also, Berkeley describes laws of nature which are the methods and patterns that are perceived by the idea of senses. These laws may be the only real ideas because they are imprinted in us by the Author of Nature and teach us to associate certain ideas with others to learn how to live.

The Scientific Definition of Mass

The Scientific Definition of Mass Mass is a scientific term used to describe the density and type of atoms in any given object. The SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg), though mass can also be measured in pounds (lb). To quickly understand the concept of mass, think of a pillowcase filled with feathers and a similar pillowcase filled with bricks. Which has a greater mass? Because the atoms in the bricks are heavier and denser, the bricks have a greater mass. Thus, even though the pillowcases are the same size, and both are filled to the same degree, one has much greater mass than the other. Scientific Definition of Mass Mass is the quantity of inertia (resistance to acceleration) possessed by an object or the proportion between force and acceleration referred to in Newtons Second Law of Motion (force equals mass times acceleration). In other words, the more mass an object has, the more force it takes to get it moving. Weight Versus Mass In most common instances, mass is determined by weighing the object and using the force of gravity to calculate the value automatically. In other words, in most real-world situations, mass is the same thing as weight. In the example of the feathers and the bricks, the difference in mass can be described by the relative weight of the two pillowcases. Obviously, it takes a lot more work to move a bag of bricks than it does to move a bag of feathers. But weight and mass are not really the same thing. Because of the relationship between weight and mass, these concepts are frequently confused. You can, in fact, convert exactly between weight and mass on the Earths surface. But thats because we live on planet Earth, and while we are on this planet gravity is always the same. If you were to leave the Earth and go into orbit, you would weigh almost nothing. Yet your mass, defined by the density and type of atoms in your body, would remain the same. If you landed on the moon with your scale and weighed yourself there, youd weigh more than you weighed in space but less than you weighed on Earth. If you continue your journey to the surface of Jupiter, youd weigh a great deal more. If you weigh 100 pounds on Earth you would weigh 16 pounds on the moon, 37.7 pounds on Mars, and 236.4 pounds on Jupiter. Yet, throughout your trip, your mass would remain essentially the same. Importance of Mass in Daily Life The mass of objects is tremendously important in our daily lives. We work hard to reduce our mass when we are dieting. Less mass translates to less weight.Many manufacturers work to create less massive versions of items ranging from bicycles and running shoes to cars.  When an object is less massive it has less inertia and is easier to move.Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on your weight in relation to your height. Fat is lighter (less massive) than muscle, so a high BMI suggests that your body contains more fat and less muscle than it should.

Criminological Theories in Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Criminological Theories in Crime - Essay Example The criticism of the theory is mainly based on the claim that there is nothing like a criminal gene. However, certain evidences have been put forward in recent times to show that genetics are a source of criminal behavior. This paper will explore the merits of the idea that genetics are a source of criminal behavior. It will also examine the strengths and weaknesses of the evidences surrounding genetics and crime. The essay will then look at whether the police departments should consider or dismiss the findings. Finally, the paper will explore the dangers of believing in the existence of a criminal gene, as well as the consequences the existence of the gene may have in the field of criminal justice system. Namazi (2010) notes that there is a divided opinion regarding the role of genes in criminal behaviors. However, some research conducted in the past has suggested that genes contribute largely to criminal behaviors among individuals. What these studies suggests is that, a child whos e farther happens to have been a criminal, is most likely to become a criminal in the future due to genetic influence. Despite having been refuted by some theories that maintain that there is no criminal gene, the twin and adoption theories provide a good connection between genetics and criminal behaviors (Cassel and Bernstein, 2007). ... For example, a study conducted by Christiansen in Demark, found out that genetics plays a vital role in influencing the criminality (Cassel and Bernstein, 2007). In conducting the study, Christiansen surveyed a population of 3,586 twin pairs. From the study, Christiansen found 52% of the twins concordant for criminality for male-male identical twin pairs and 22% concordant for male-male fraternal twin pairs (Cassel and Bernstein, 2007). This evidence suggested that identical twins inherit some biological characteristics, which increases their risk of being registered for criminal behaviors. A similar study conducted in the United States and Sweden showed a higher concordance for criminality amongst MZ than DZ twins did (van Dusen and Mednick, 1983). This studies support the claims that genetics influence criminal behaviors amongst individuals in society. Several adoption studies conducted in 1970s and 1980s have also provided convincing evidence that genetics influence criminal behav iors. According to adoption studies, having a parent who have been imprisoned at one time increases an individual’s risk of getting a criminal conviction when the person grows up regardless of whether the person is brought up by pro-social, law-abiding, and genetically unrelated relatives. The adoption studies established that genetic effects on criminality are important for both sexes. However, the genetic risk was found to be higher for female than male offenders were (Mednick, Gabrielli and Hutchings, 1984). Regarding an adoptive study conducted in the U.S., Mednick, Gabrielli, and Hutchings (1984) noted an increased rate of criminality in 42 Iowan adoptees with criminal biological mothers. Another study conducted by Mednick, Gabrielli and

Out group culture experience Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Out group culture experience - Movie Review Example I am a Chinese national and would very often compare my socio-cultural with what happens in United States of America. Every year from the movie, many people hope to land in the USA from Southern as well as Central America to evade poverty implications in their countries. They experience a jungle of a nightmare while traveling along a stretch of the desert of ‘death corridor’. Many migrants have perished at this place. The in-group culture identity would range from religion (Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Taoism), arts (Kung Fu, traditional dance, acrobatic,) and immigration policies. The Chinese government regulates the issue of immigration; favoring skilled labor to unskilled labor (Diestro-Dopido 2014). The unique hukou system of China distinguishes Chinese internal migration from migration in other developing countries; China founded the global hukou system, which restricted the mobility of the people. It aims to tie farmers to land, secure agricultural supply.The in-group experience is more pleasing and reliable. The cultural activities in China enhance peace and harmony in the soc iety because people meet very often to participate. There are many advantages of in-group because of a common language- a contributor to unity (Pedzich